Subjunctives

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Subjunctives
Kategori: Grammar - Dibaca: 2272 kali

Subjunctive adalah bentuk kalimat pengandaian. Namun topik Subjunctive ini berbeda dengan Conditional. Conditional adalah kalimat pengandaian juga namun perbedaannya adalah Conditional dilengkapi dengan syarat-syarat tertentu untuk mengandai-andai. Misalnya "Aku akan mengundanya jika aku jadi kamu.". Berikut ini adalah penjelasan tentang Subjunctives.

Struktur Subjunctive

be (past)

I were
you were
he, she, it were
we were
you were
they were

be (present)

I be
you be
he, she, it be
we be
you be
they be

Kata kerja lain (past & present)

I work
you work
he, she, it work
we work
you work
they work

Penggunaan Subjunctive

Kita menggunakan subjunctives ketika kita berbicara tentang suatu kegiatan yang sebenarnya tidak akan terjadi. Kita menggunakan subjunctive ketika berbicara tentang kegiatan yang seseorang:

Inginkan agar terjadi
Harapkan akan terjadi
Membayangkan akan terjadi

Contoh:

The President requests that you be present at the meeting.
It is vital that you be present at the meeting.
If you were at the meeting, the President would be happy.

Subjunctive biasanya menggunakan kedua struktur berikut:

Kata Kerja: ask, command, demand, insist, propose, recommend, request, suggest + that
Ekspresi: it is desirable, essential, important, necessary, vital + that

Contoh:

The manager insists that the car park be locked at night.
The board of directors recommended that he join the company.
It is essential that we vote as soon as possible.
It was necessary that every student submit his essay by the weekend.

Perhatikan bahwa struktur berikut ini, subjunctive-nya sama. Tidak masalah kalimat itu tenses-nya past atau present. Contoh:

Present: The President requests that they stop the occupation.
Past: The President requested that they stop the occupation.

Present: It is essential that she be present.
Past: It was essential that she be present.

Kita selalu menggunakan were sebagai pengganti "was" setelah if (dan kata lainnya yang memiliki arti yang sama). Contoh:

If I were you, I would ask her.
Suppose she were here. What would you say?

Mengapa kita menggunakan "I were", "he were"?

Kita sering mendengar orang berkata "if I were you, I would go" atau "if he were here, he would tell you". Memang normalnya adalah: I was, he was. Tetapi struktur if I were you tidak melihat Past Tense". Struktur tersebut hanya mengenal past subjunctive untuk "to be" nya. Perhatikan contoh kata-kata/frase di bawah ini untuk struktur di atas:

if
as if
wish
suppose

If I were younger, I would go. (FORMAL)
If I was younger, I would go. (INFORMAL)
If he weren't so mean, he would buy one for me.(FORMAL)
If he wasn't so mean, he would buy one for me. (INFORMAL)
I wish I weren't so slow! (FORMAL)
I wish I wasn't so slow! (INFORMAL)
I wish it were longer. (FORMAL)
I wish it was longer. (INFORMAL)
It's not as if I were ugly. (FORMAL)
It's not as if I was ugly. (INFORMAL)
She acts as if she were Queen. (FORMAL)
She acts as if she was Queen. (INFORMAL)
If I were you, I should tell her. (FORMAL)
If I was you, I should tell her. (INFORMAL)

Note: We do not normally say "if I was you", even in familiar conversation.

Beberapa ekspresi menggunakan subjunctive. Contoh:

Long live the King!
God bless America!
Heaven forbid!
Be that as it may, he still wants to see her.
Come what may, I will never forget you.
We are all citizens of the world, as it were.

TULISAN LAINNYA:

16 Komentar :

nurhasnah
02 Februari 2010 - 06:10:02 WIB

Alhamdulillah, thnk u, Pak Ismail, blog bpk sangat bermanfaat, terima kasih untuk ilmu yg ditularkn melalui dunia maya ini, smg menjd jalan karpet merah meraih jannahNya, sukses ya, pak ...

imha
22 Mei 2010 - 21:26:37 WIB

thanks.... :)

futi
28 Mei 2010 - 04:36:55 WIB

wow.. makasih banget bantuannya

riank
16 Juni 2010 - 03:18:34 WIB

great job!!!!!

pujo
19 Juni 2010 - 02:06:35 WIB

Assalamualaikum........... ! ! !
sorry there was no comment from the Justin Bieber ! ! !
wkwkwkwwkakakakakkaak :D

babyrose
23 Juni 2010 - 02:53:53 WIB

om so helpful with ur information..thx a lot.God bless u always! ^_^

Re@
24 Juni 2010 - 00:36:52 WIB

keReNnNnN,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
mWantAb.....

wildan
07 Juli 2010 - 03:42:38 WIB

thanks very much for the article, pak
pak saya bingung gimana sih cara membaca dalam bhs inggris ??
apakah ada aturan2 seperti dalam bhs indonesia ??
mohon di jawab pak
semoga Allah membalas kebaikam bapak !!!!!!!!
asalamualaika

Mursad
16 Juli 2010 - 08:19:15 WIB

Alhamdulillah, finally I found what I looking for. Syukron sir...

bambang
21 Juli 2010 - 02:38:09 WIB

thanks for information

Ie_CHa
02 Agustus 2010 - 07:48:29 WIB

THaNkz FoR iNfOrMAtIOn........^_^

ayumi
05 Agustus 2010 - 02:40:29 WIB

thanks brother ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

aminah to mala'bi_x manakarra
17 Agustus 2010 - 01:11:20 WIB

thank you banget atas kalimat simple past nya, akhirnya tugas ENGLISH di bulan ramadhan aq selesai dech... sekali lagi thank's buanget yach...

malakarya
26 Agustus 2010 - 17:55:55 WIB

thnk ya atas informaisnya pak ismail..
berguna bngaet unutk gue.

ana
26 Agustus 2010 - 23:46:17 WIB

oke bngetz..
:)

syarifah
27 Agustus 2010 - 02:46:49 WIB

lumayan,,gk ribet.sesuai dgn apa yg dbtuhkn.

thx sir!

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